Proteksi, Ekspansi, dan Subsidi: Upaya Indonesia Menghadapi Tekanan Pasar Gula Dunia

Baida Soraya, Sri Hartoyo, Hermanto Siregar, Harianto Harianto

Abstract


Sejak 2016 Indonesia telah menjadi negara importir gula nomor satu dunia melampaui Tiongkok. Di tahun 2020, Indonesia terus mengimpor gula hingga sebanyak 4400 ribu MT gula mentah. Penurunan produksi yang disebabkan oleh penyempitan areal tanam membuat Indonesia akan terus mengimpor gula di 2021/22. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengevaluasi dampak kebijakan proteksi, ekspansi, dan subsidi terhadap industri gula Indonesia. Menggunakan metode simulasi ekonometrika, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan luas perkebunan tebu di Pulau Jawa dipengaruhi oleh luas areal tebu tahun sebelumnya. Variabel yang sama ditambah dengan jumlah pabrik penggilingan tebu mempengaruhi luas tanam tebu perkebunan luar Pulau Jawa. Kebijakan proteksi dan subsidi oleh pemerintah mempengaruhi permintaan serta produksi gula Indonesia. Kebijakan ekspansi areal tanam tebu, terutama ke luar Pulau Jawa, merupakan kebijakan yang paling disarankan.

Keywords


Kebijakan Gula; Ekspansi Lahan; Subsidi Pemerintah; Impor Gula; Perdagangan Gula

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2022.006.02.31

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